Below are some useful formulas to determine seeding rate, seed spacing, number of seeds per foot or assess emerged plant population based on stand counts in certain length of the row.

Alternatively, the tables provided below can be used to determine seeding rate based on seed spacing or assess plant population based on number of plants per foot length of the row.   

Additionally, there are some smartphone apps (such as Planting Population Calculator from AgPhD) available from different seed or ag companies that can be used for these planting calculations. Most of these apps are available for download on both iOS and Android devices.